ABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate if there is any interference when adding coffee or chocolate to cow milk in the enamel des-remineralization process (orange juice/saliva).Material and Methods:48 specimens of human enamel (4x4 mm) were included in acrylic resin, ground flat, polished and randomly divided into the following experimental groups (n = 8): G1-saliva, G2-orange juice, G3 orange juice / milk; G4-Orange Juice / Chocolate, G5-Orange Juice / Coffee + milk and G6-milk. Each group was immersed for 60 seconds on each solution proposed and then immersed for 30 minutes in saliva. This cycle was repeated 4 times. Prior to these cycles, the Knoop microhardness average of each specimen was obtained. After the challenges proposed, the final microhardness average was calculated. The values obtained from the difference between the initial and final microhardness were subjected to ANOVA followed by Tukey test (p <0,05).Results:The orange juice had the highest change in microhardness and statistically different from all other groups. The microhardness change was statistically similar in the groups submitted to orange juice followed by immersion in milk, in chocolate and in the mixture milk + coffee. The pure milk and saliva caused no change in surface hardness of enamel.Conclusion:Milk or the addition of chocolate and coffee to milk was able to produce aprotective effect of the enamel surface against an erosive challenge
Subject(s)
Dental Enamel , Tooth Wear , Tooth Erosion/etiology , Milk , Analysis of Variance , Brazil , In Vitro Techniques/methodsABSTRACT
Hyposalivation and dental root exposure in the elderly are problems that require special oral care. In this context, the characteristics of certain toothpastes are of particular importance. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity and dentin wear caused by seven different toothpastes. For dentin wear analysis, 40 root dentin specimens were submitted to 20,000 brushing cycles with the different toothpastes and distilled water (control group-CG), using a brushing machine. Dentin surface loss (SL) was measured by contact profilometer. The cytotoxicity of each toothpaste was tested using cultured fibroblasts submitted to a cell-culture-conditioned medium. Fresh medium served as the control. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay after 24 h of contact with the conditioned media. The data were analyzed statistically by ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s test (p < 0.05). The SL of the CG was minimal and significantly lower than that of the Oral B Pro Health (OBPH) group (p < 0.05). All other groups presented SL in between that of the CG and the Oral B Pro Health OBPH group, except for the Sensodyne (SEN) group, which presented SL similar to that of CG (p = 0.05). The SEN group presented a percentage of viable cells similar to that of CG: between 60-89%. All the other toothpastes showed high cytotoxicity, with cell viability less than 50% of the CG. Considering study limitations, we concluded that only one of the seven tested toothpastes exhibited the most desirable toothpaste characteristics for the worldwide growing elderly population (e.g. low cytotoxicity and low-abrasive potential).
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Dentin/drug effects , Fibroblasts/drug effects , Tooth Wear/chemically induced , Toothpastes/chemistry , Toothpastes/toxicity , Analysis of Variance , Cells, Cultured , Cell Survival/drug effects , Dentin/chemistry , Formazans , Materials Testing , Surface Properties/drug effects , Tetrazolium Salts , Time Factors , ToothbrushingABSTRACT
O número de idosos vem crescendo em todo o mundo devido a um aumento na expectativa de vida e diminuição da taxa de natalidade. Concomitantemente, os avanços da ciência e da tecnologia na área da saúde poderiam contribuir para a manutenção de dentes por períodos mais prolongados, gerando um crescente número de idosos com dentes na boca. O objetivo dessa pesquisa foi conhecer a condição dentária e restauradora de pacientes idosos de um centro público que oferece tratamento dentário em São Paulo, Brasil. Materiais e métodos: Foram avaliados pacientes (60 anos ou mais) que compareceram ao serviço de triagem do CRI-Norte. Todos os pacientes foram entrevistados inicialmente (dados pessoais, história odontológica, hábitos de higiene). Pacientes dentados foram submetidos a um exame clínico: dentes perdidos, condição dos dentes e restaurações presentes. Para comparação foram utilizados os testes ANOVA e Qui-quadrado (p<0.05). Resultados: Foram avaliados 177 pacientes desdentados (54%) e 148 dentados, sendo 66% do sexo feminino e 34% masculino. 49,8% possuíam entre 60-69 anos e 63% nasceram na Região Sudeste. 73% dos pacientes não se consultavam com um dentista durante a infância, nem possuíam o hábito de realizar consultas periódicas durante a vida adulta (72%). Pacientes dentados (20%) frequentaram o consultório odontológico mais regularmente que os desdentados (8%). 80% dos pacientes dentados relataram escovar os dentes de 1 a 2 vezes por dia e 64% não fazem uso do fio dental. 32% dos pacientes apresentavam entre 5 e 19 dentes e apenas 6,5% apresentavam mais de 20 dentes na boca. Dentre os pacientes desdentados, 70% eram mulheres e 30% eram homens
O CPOD encontrado foi de 26, com predominância do componente perdido (média=21). Dentes inferiores anteriores são os mais retidos pela população idosa (41%). 14,6% dos dentes avaliados apresentaram lesão cariosa (63% lesões coronárias e 37% radiculares). A face coronária mais atingida por cárie foi a mesial (27%). 33% dos dentes presentes apresentaram restaurações sendo 60% satisfatórias e 40% insatisfatórias. 41% das restaurações de amálgama apresentaram-se satisfatórias com diferença estatística comparada a resina composta (13%). Em relação às faces coronárias restauradas, a oclusal foi a que mais apresentou essa condição (31%). Os pré molares foram os dentes com mais restaurações radiculares (48%). 40% dos pacientes apresentaram lesão cervical não cariosa (54% das lesões ocorreram em dentes anteriores), Pré molares (38%) e incisivos (34%) são os dentes mais atingidos por esse tipo de perda de estrutura. Em relação ao desgaste incisal/oclusal, 73% dos pacientes apresentaram essa condição (98% das lesões ocorreram em dentes anteriores). Conclusão: Conclui-se que no serviço público o número de pacientes idosos totalmente desdentados é relevante. Uma pequena parcela dos pacientes apresenta mais que 20 dentes, sendo que muitas restaurações não apresentam-se satisfatórias. O amálgama é a restauração que mais se manteve satisfatoriamente. Uma maior atenção deve ser dada aos tratamentos realizados e à conservação deles na população idosa
The number of elderly people is increasing all over the world due to increased life expectancy and decreasing birth rate. Simultaneously, the progress of science and technology in health could contribute to the maintenance of teeth in the mouth for longer periods, generating an increasing number of older patients with teeth in the mouth.Objective: Identify the restorative and dental status of elderly patients at a public service in Sao Paulo-Brazil. Methods: Patients (60 years or older) who attended the dental service of CRI-Norte, in São Paulo, Brazil were evaluated. They were submitted to an initial interview which consisted in: personal data, dental history and hygienic habits. Dentate patients were submitted to a clinical examination to evaluate the status of the remaining teeth and conditions of restorations. ANOVA and Chi-square tests (p <0.05) were used for comparison. Results: 177 edentulous and 148 dentate patients were evaluated (66% female and 34% male). 49.8% were 60-69 years old and 65% were born in Southeastern Brazil. 73% had not been to a dental office during childhood and 72% had not regularly been to the dentist's in adult life. 20% of dentate and 8% of edentulous attended a dental office regularly. 80% of dentate brushed their teeth 1-2x per day and 64% did not use dental floss. 32% of patients had 5-19 teeth and 6.5% had over 20 teeth. 41% were anterior mandibular teeth
The number of decayed, missing and filled teeth was 26, with prevalence of missing component (mean =21); 14,6% had caries (37% radicular). 33% of the teeth presented restorations (40% unsatisfactory). 41% of amalgam restorations were satisfactory with statistical difference from composite resin (13%). Pre molars were the most radicular restored teeth (48%) with statistical difference between other teeth. 40% of patients presented non-carious lesions; 73% presented incisal/occlusal wear (98% anterior teeth). Conclusion: The number of edentulous patients is relevant. Few patients have more than 20 teeth, and many restorations are not satisfactory. Amalgam is the material that presented the best survive hability. Greater attention should be given to the performed dental treatments and their conservation in the elderly population, increasing their quality of oral health